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Characterization of residual oils for biodiesel production
Canesin, Edmilson Antonio; de Oliveira, Cláudio Celestino; Matsushita, Makoto; Dias, Lucia Felicidade; Pedrão, Mayka Reghiany & de Souza, Nilson Evelazio
Abstract
Background: Residual oils were characterized according to their physicochemical properties, i.e. acidity, iodine
value, peroxide value and saponification number, to evaluate the degradation level and viability for biodiesel
production.
Results: The methyl esters of fatty acids (FAME) from samples of residual bovine, chicken and soybean oils were
quantified by using four transesterification methods, using acidic and basic catalysis and, gas chromatography
with flame ionization detector (GC–FID). Methods that used acidic catalysis at a lower temperature were the
most efficient. Methyl biodiesel samples were synthesized by basic catalysis (KOH) for all quantified oils and
the physicochemical properties of the biofuel were evaluated, i.e. viscosity, flash and fire points, density, water
content, iodine and acidity numbers.
Conclusions: The obtained results suggesting that it is possible to take advantage of these residues for biodiesel
production as the obtained products were approved according to the rules established by the National
Association of Petroleum (ANP); the bovine samples were the exception regarding moisture and acidity.
Keywords
Biodiesel properties; Gas chromatography; Infrared; Transesterification methods
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