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Seasonal variations of vitamin D and its relation to lipid profile in Iranian children and adults
Saeidlou, Sakineh Nouri; Vahabzadeh, Davoud; Babaei, Fariba & Vahabzadeh, Zakaria
Abstract
Background: Vitamin D has a multitude of functional properties and acts like a hormone in the body. Its effect on
the lipid profile is one of the proposed mechanisms for its relationship with many disorders during its deficiency.
But, this relationship is still conflicting and debatable, so this study was conducted to determine the association
between serum level of vitamin D and lipid profiles, including serum concentrations of cholesterol, triglyceride (TG),
HDL, and LDL in healthy subjects.
Methods: In this cross-sectional study, 541 volunteers with age of 5–60 years from normal and healthy subjects
were selected via random sampling. Demographics and history of daily or weekly sunlight exposures were recorded.
Measuring vitamin D was done in two consecutive seasons: winter and summer. Ten milliliters of peripheral venous
blood sample was withdrawn after an overnight fasting. Serum levels of 25(OH) D (25, hydroxy vitamin D3) were
measured using the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), and the Confirmatory test was done by highperformance
liquid chromatography (HPLC).
Results: Mean age in the total mixed population was 30.83 ± 14.02 years. Subjects were 50.5% male and 49.5%
female. Mean 25(OH) D in the total population for winter and summer were 45.8 ± 24.26 ng/ml and 55.24 ± 37.
47 ng/ml respectively. In the total population, 38.08% were vitamin D deficient. Comparing serum lipid levels in
the summer and winter showed a significant difference for cholesterol, LDL, and HDL, but no significant effect
was found for TG. Analysis for the comparison of lipid profiles between the two genders in winter showed that
there were significant differences in all lipid profiles except for LDL, while such analysis for summer revealed
significant difference just for TG. In multivariate analysis, there was a significant mean difference only for LDL in
subgroups with vitamin D insufficiency and deficiency. There was no correlation between Vitamin D and lipid
profiles.
Conclusions: Vitamin D is different between the two seasons regardless of gender variations. Its status showed
some significant relationship with some lipid profiles (cholesterol, LDL, and HDL) during the two seasons. There
were different results among winter and summer based on the gender.
Keywords
Vitamin D; Lipid profile; Child; Adult; Iran
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