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African Health Sciences
Makerere University Medical School
ISSN: 1680-6905 EISSN: 1680-6905
Vol. 19, No. 3, 2019, pp. 2390-2399
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Bioline Code: hs19127
Full paper language: English
Document type: Research Article
Document available free of charge
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African Health Sciences, Vol. 19, No. 3, 2019, pp. 2390-2399
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Presentation and outcomes of early and late onset neonatal sepsis in a Nigerian Hospital
Ogundare, Ezra; Akintayo, Akinyemi; Aladekomo, Theophilus; Adeyemi, Lateef; Ogunlesi, Tinuade & Oyelami, Oyeku
Abstract
Background: Neonatal Sepsis remains a major cause of morbidity and mortality in neonates despite great advances in antimicrobial therapy and life support measures.
Objectives: To compare the aetiology, risk factors, presentation and outcomes of care between early onset neonatal sepsis (EOS) and late onset neonatal sepsis (LOS).
Methods: Bacterial isolates were identified using blood cultures and antibiotic susceptibility testing was done using disc diffusion method. The risk factors, clinical presentation, laboratory findings and neonatal outcomes of the babies with EOS were compared with LOS. Statistical significance was set at P <0.05.
Results: Neonatal Sepsis was responsible for 16% of Special Care Baby Unit (SCBU) admissions. Of the 72 babies with sepsis, 56 (77.8%) had EOS as against 16 (22.2%) who had late-onset sepsis. Low birth weight (p=0.01) and perinatal asphyxia (p=0.01) were significantly associated with EOS while for LOS, delivery outside the health facility (p=0.01) was the only significant risk factor. Respiratory distress was more significantly observed in EOS (p = 0.01). Neonatal deaths occurred in 32% of babies with EOS while all babies with culture positive LOS survived.
Conclusion: Early onset neonatal sepsis is associated with high likelihood of neonatal mortality. Unsupervised delivery, birth asphyxia and low birth weight are risk factors associated with neonatal sepsis. Efforts to ensure supervised hospital delivery and improvement in neonatal resuscitation may reduce the incidence of neonatal sepsis and its attendant complications.
Keywords
Onset neonatal; Nigerian Hospital.
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© Copyright 2019 - Ogundare et al.
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