Translation of the Ibadan Knee/Hip Osteoarthritis Outcome Measure into Igbo Language

The Ibadan Knee/Hip Osteoarthritis Outcome Measure (IKHOAM), a Nigerian culture and environment-friendly clinical tool was developed at the University of Ibadan, Nigeria for measuring end results of care in patients with knee or Hip Osteoarthritis OA. Translated and validated Yoruba and Hausa versions of IKHOAM are available. The purpose of this study was to translate IKHOAM into Igbo language in order to further promote its use in Igbo speaking parts of Nigeria. The English version of IKHOAM was independently translated to Igbo by two Igbo language experts and the reconciled version went through two rounds of back translation, committee review, cognitive debriefing and pre–testing. Only 3 words on the back-translated version did not connote the meanings in the original English version after the first round of forward-back translation. Evaluation of idiomatic equivalence, semantic equivalence and conceptual equivalence showed that 100% of the questions were similar. The pre-test demonstrated good acceptance and understanding by the target population, with no complaints in 100% of the sample. The study makes the Igbo version of the IKHOAM available, all items were considered adequate by a professional expert group and all items were understood by the target population.