The Control of Neglected Zoonotic Diseases in Nigeria through Animal Intervention

Zoonoses are a major cause of morbidity and mortality across the world and particularly in Nigeria; however, they are often neglected by primary healthcare managers and policy makers. The neglected zoonotic diseases endemic in Nigeria include Anthrax, brucellosis, Bovine Tuberculosis, Rabies, Lassa Fever, Animal Trypanosomosis and Echinococcosis. With a population of over 140million people, urbanisation, economic development; and the concomitant intensification of animal husbandry coupled with the development of peri-urban livestock production systems, the risk posed by these neglected zoonoses are enormous. Their control in Nigeria is nearly non-existent and their impact on human health is largely unknown. The possible risk factors associated with their occurrences have been identified, and risk-avoidance advocated. These neglected zoonoses are mainly maintained in animal reservoir; hence their control/elimination is possible only through interventions that extensively target animal reservoirs accompanied by public enlightenment and information. This underscores the need for collaborations and partnerships between stakeholders in the Ministries of Agriculture, Health and Information for the enhancement of the health of both human and animal populations.