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The Effect of Amygdalin on Endoplasmic Reticulum (ER) Stress Induced Hepatic Steatosis in Mice
Moslehi, Azam; Farahabadi, Mohsen; Chavoshzadeh, Sayyed Abdollah; Barati, Akram; Ababzadeh, Shima & Mohammadbeigi, Abolfazl
Abstract
Background: Endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress creates abnormalities in the insulin
action, inflammatory responses, lipoprotein B100 degradation, and hepatic lipogenesis.
Hepatic steatosis leads to a broad spectrum of hepatic disorders such as nonalcoholic fatty liver
disease (NAFLD) and NASH. Amygdalin has beneficial effects on asthma, bronchitis, diabetes,
and atherosclerosis. We designed this study to evaluate the effect of amygdalin on the ER stress
induced hepatic steatosis.
Methods: Inbred mice received saline, DMSO and amygdalin, as control groups. ER
stress was induced by tunicamycin (TM) injection. Amygdalin was administered 1 h before the TM
challenge (Amy + TM group). Mice body and liver weights were measured. Hematoxylin and eosin
(H&E) and oil red O staining from liver tissue, were performed. Alanin aminotransferase (ALT),
aspartate aminotransferase (AST), triglyceride and cholesterol levels were measured.
Results: Histological evaluation revealed that amygdalin was unable to decrease the
TM induced liver steatosis; however, ALT and AST levels decreased [ALT: 35.33(2.15) U/L versus
92.33(6.66) U/L; (57.000, (50.63, 63.36), P < 0.001) and AST: 93(5.09) U/L versus 345(97.3) U/L,
(252, (163.37, 340.62), P < 0.001)]. Amygdalin also decreased triglyceride and cholesterol plasma
levels in the Amy + TM group [TG: 42.66(2.15) versus 53.33(7.24) mg/dL; (10.67, (3.80, 17.54),
P = 0.006) and TC: 9.33(3.55) versus 112.66(4.31) mg/dL, (103.33, (98.25, 108.40) P < 0.001)].
Conclusion: Amygdalin improved the ALT, AST, and lipid serum levels after the TM
challenge; however, it could not attenuate hepatic steatosis.
Keywords
amygdalin; ER stress; liver; tunicamycin; steatosis
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