The world is faced with the challenge to produce more food to feed a projected 9
billion people worldwide; including 2.5 billion in Africa. Just a few “mega-crops”
currently feed the world, with rice, wheat and maize providing 60 percent of the total
population’s energy intake. Finger millet belongs to a group of secondary crops that
provide another 25 percent of the world’s food energy. Finger millet is adaptable to
diverse agro-ecological conditions, has beneficial nutritional properties and outstanding
agronomic attributes as a subsistence food crop; therefore, it holds promise for the
future of food and nutrition security in Africa and around the world. Despite these
desirable attributes, only about 3 million tones are produced globally each year.
Common production constraints include low soil fertility,
Striga
weed infestation, and
pest and disease pressure, particularly finger millet blast disease, which can cause up to
50% yield loss. Low rates of finger millet production are compounded by a lack of
stable market outlets and inadequate product development strategies. Recent research
efforts in Africa and South Asia, however, have the potential of alleviating these
production constraints. Opportunities now exist for enhanced technology development,
which may increase production, product development, value addition, marketing and
consumption of finger millet. Capitalizing on these opportunities could ensure that
finger millet, as a “novel” crop, increases food and nutrition security in Africa and
around the world.
