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A population genetics study of Anopheles darlingi  (Diptera: Culicidae) from Colombia based on random amplified polymorphic DNA-polymerase chain reaction and amplified fragment lenght polymorphism markers
González, Ranulfo; Wilkerson, Richard; Suárez, Marco Fidel; García, Felipe; Gallego, Gerardo; Cárdenas, Heiber; Posso, Carmen Elisa & Duque, Myriam Cristina
Abstract
The genetic variation and population structure of three populations of Anopheles darlingi from Colombia were studied using random amplified polymorphic markers (RAPDs) and amplified fragment length polymorphism markers (AFLPs). Six RAPD primers produced 46 polymorphic fragments, while two AFLP primer combinations produced 197 polymorphic fragments from 71 DNA samples. Both of the evaluated genetic markers showed the presence of gene flow, suggesting that Colombian An. darlingi populations are in panmixia. Average genetic diversity, estimated from observed heterozygosity, was 0.374 (RAPD) and 0.309 (AFLP). RAPD and AFLP markers showed little evidence of geographic separation between eastern and western populations; however, the FST values showed high gene flow between the two western populations (RAPD: FST = 0.029; Nm: 8.5; AFLP: FST = 0.051; Nm: 4.7). According to molecular variance analysis (AMOVA), the genetic distance between populations was significant (RAPD:ΦST = 0.084; AFLP:ΦST = 0.229, P < 0.001). The FST distances and AMOVAs using AFLP loci support the differentiation of the Guyana biogeographic province population from those of the Chocó-Magdalena. In this last region, Chocó and Córdoba populations showed the highest genetic flow.
Keywords
amplified fragment length polymorphism - Anopheles darlingi - genetic diversity - malaria vectors - random amplified polymorphic DNA - polymerase chain reaction - Colombia
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