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Memórias do Instituto Oswaldo Cruz
Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Fiocruz
ISSN: 1678-8060 EISSN: 1678-8060
Vol. 112, No. 2, 2017, pp. 131-139
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Bioline Code: oc17017
Full paper language: English
Document type: Research Article
Document available free of charge
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Memórias do Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Vol. 112, No. 2, 2017, pp. 131-139
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Linalool, a Piper aduncum essential oil component, has selective activity against Trypanosoma cruzi trypomastigote forms at 4°C
Villamizar, Luz Helena; Graças Cardoso, Maria das; Andrade, Juliana de; Teixeira, Maria Luisa & Soares, Maurilio José
Abstract
BACKGROUND Recent studies showed that essential oils from different pepper species (Piper spp.) have promising leishmanicidal
and trypanocidal activities.
OBJECTIVES In search for natural compounds against Trypanosoma cruzi, different forms of the parasite were incubated for 24 h
at 28°C or 4°C with Piper aduncum essential oil (PaEO) or its main constituents linalool and nerolidol.
METHODS PaEO chemical composition was obtained by GC-MS. Drug activity assays were based on cell counting, MTT data
or infection index values. The effect of PaEO on the T. cruzi cell cycle and mitochondrial membrane potential was evaluated by
flow cytometry.
FINDINGS PaEO was effective against cell-derived (IC50/24 h: 2.8 μg/mL) and metacyclic (IC50/24 h: 12.1 μg/mL) trypomastigotes,
as well as intracellular amastigotes (IC50/24 h: 9 μg/mL). At 4°C - the temperature of red blood cells (RBCs) storage in blood
banks - cell-derived trypomastigotes were more sensitive to PaEO (IC50/24 h = 3.8 μg/mL) than to gentian violet (IC50/24 h =
24.7 mg/mL). Cytotoxicity assays using Vero cells (37°C) and RBCs (4°C) showed that PaEO has increased selectivity for cell-derived
trypomastigotes. Flow cytometry analysis showed that PaEO does not affect the cell cycle of T. cruzi epimastigotes, but
decreases their mitochondrial membrane potential. GC-MS data identified nerolidol and linalool as major components of PaEO,
and linalool had trypanocidal effect (IC50/24 h: 306 ng/mL) at 4°C.
MAIN CONCLUSION The trypanocidal effect of PaEO is likely due to the presence of linalool, which may represent an interesting
candidate for use in the treatment of potentially contaminated RBCs bags at low temperature.
Keywords
essential oil; linalool; Piper aduncum; Trypanosoma cruzi; trypanocidal activity
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