An anopheline survey was carried out in two simian malaria
areas in the Brazilian Amazon, Balbina and Samuel, to
determine the potential vectors of Plasmodium
brasilianum. The most abundant and/or acrodendrophilic
anophelines in the forest and the most likely vector were
Anopheles mediopunctatus, An. nuneztovari, An. oswaldoi, An.
triannulatus and An. shannoni. An. darlingi and
An. marajoara were captured essentially in anthropic
habitats outside the forest and are unlikely to be involved in
the transmission of P. brasilianum among monkeys within
the forests and from monkeys to man in their surroundings in
the Amazon.
