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Acute Disseminated Encephalomyelitis
Khosroshahi, Nahid & Sotoudeh, Kambiz
Abstract
Acute disseminated encephalomyelitis (ADEM) is an acute, inflammatory, monophasic,
demyelinating and immune-mediated disorder of central nervous system; occurs mostly in children
after systemic viral infections or vaccinations. Acute polysymptomatic neurologic signs such as
encephalopathy, paralysis of limbs, cranial nerve involvement, ataxia and optic neuritis are
common manifestations. Brain magnetic resonance imaging study is essential for diagnosis and
enabling prompt diagnosis and treatment. Evidence of multifocal lesions of demyelination in
subcortical white matter are seen. They are usually bilateral and asymmetrical. Treatment optins
have included steroids, immunoglobulins, and plasmapheresis. ADEM is treatable and prognosis is
good.
Keywords
Acute disseminated encephalomyelitis; Children; Demyelination; ADEM
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