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Prevalence of Risk Factors for Coronary Artery Disease in Southern Punjab, Pakistan
Khan, Muhammad Shoaib; Khan, Ajwad; Ali, Atif; Akhtar, Naveed; Rasool, Fatima; Khan, Hira; ur Rehman, Nisar & Shah, Sajid Hussain
Abstract
Purpose: To explore the prevalence of risk factors for coronary artery disease (CAD) in Southern
Punjab, Pakistan.
Methods: A cross-sectional survey was conducted for the prevalence of risk factors for CAD among
200 patients admitted at the different hospitals of Southern Punjab, Pakistan from December 2012 to
April 2013. A questionnaire was used to collect data, including demographic information, family health
history, dietary habits, physical activity and tobacco use. History of hypertension, diabetes mellitus (DM)
or its treatment was recorded after observing their medical reports.
Results: The proportion of females and males was 65.53 and 34.46 %, respectively. Of the 200
patients, the mean age of males was 52.7 years and 55.8 years for females. The most prevalent
coronary artery risk factors were physical inactivity (52.5 %), hypertension (52 %), poor dietary habits
(48.5 %), fatty food consumption (47.5 %), obesity (38 %) and smoking (37 %), respectively. Other less
common risk factors were diabetes (30 %) and family history of CAD (20 %).
Conclusion: CAD was seen in only 20 % of the subjects; the prevalence of individual risk factors
ranged from 30 to 52.5 % and can be improved by encouraging the patients to adopt a healthy life style.
Keywords
Risk factors; Prevalence; Coronary artery disease; Diabetes; Southern Punjab
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