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Tropical Journal of Pharmaceutical Research
Pharmacotherapy Group, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Benin, Benin City, Nigeria
ISSN: 1596-5996 EISSN: 1596-5996
Vol. 16, No. 5, 2017, pp. 1105-1112
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Bioline Code: pr17142
Full paper language: English
Document type: Research Article
Document available free of charge
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Tropical Journal of Pharmaceutical Research, Vol. 16, No. 5, 2017, pp. 1105-1112
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Evaluation of adsorption capacity of acetaminophen on activated charcoal dosage forms available in Nigeria by in vitro adsorption studies and scanning electron microscopy
Ilomuanya, Margaret O; Ohere, Angela F; Zubair, Sa’adat A & Ubani-Ukoma, Uloma
Abstract
Purpose: To investigate varying dosage forms of activated charcoal obtained from community
pharmacy outlets in Nigeria for their adsorption capacity when challenged with acetaminophen.
Methods: Equilibruim kinetics of acetaminophen adsorption onto activated charcoal surface was
determined via batch studies at different adsorbent:adsorbate ratios. The isotherm adsorption
experiment was carried out at 37 oC and langmuir isotherm models were utilized to describe the
equilibrium kinetics data with characterization of adsorption site and porosity elucidated via scanning
electron microscopy.
Results: A preponderance of microporosity was observed on the surface of the powder activated
charcoal. Maximum adsorption capacity (MAC) of 299.78 mg/g was obtained using activated charcoal
powder (276.11; 321.09) at 95 % confidence interval (CI), allowing for maximum adsorption of
acetaminophen at pH 1.2. Mixed pore structures, which were not clearly established, were observed
with both the tablets and capsules with MAC of 280.54 mg/g (273.22; 290.08) and 140.01 mg/g (135.32;
153.99), respectively at pH 1.2. MAC data at pH 6.5 showed little variation from those obtained at pH
1.2 (p < 0.05 95 % CI).
Conclusion: The presence of excipients in the tablets and capsules caused a retardation in adsorption
via intraparticle diffusion especially at basal micropore sites on the activated charcoal surface. Activated
charcoal powder is superior to other dosage forms for use in countering acetaminophen poisoning.
Keywords
Acetaminophen; Adsorption; Isotherms; Activated charcoal; Scanning electron microcopy
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