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Gastroesophageal reflux disease in patients with long standing type 1 diabetes mellitus: utility of two self-report questionnaires in a multifactorial disease
Valdez-Solis, Emmanuel Marin; Ramírez-Rentería, Claudia; Ferreira-Hermosillo, Aldo; Molina-Ayala, Mario; Mendoza-Zubieta, Victoria & Rodríguez-Pérez, Víctor
Abstract
Background:Gastroesophageal pathologies are common and
multifactorial in patients with type 1 diabetes (T1DM). The
evaluation with endoscopy and 24 h pH esophageal monitoring is
expensive and not always available in all medical centers, especially
in developing countries so more cost-effective algorithms for
diagnosis are required. Clinical questionnaires are easy to apply but
its utility for gastroesophageal reflux disease screening in patients
with long standing T1DM must be analyzed.
Objective: To evaluate the utility of the FSSG and Carlsson-Dent
(CDQ) questionnaires to detect the frequency of gastroesophageal
reflux disease in patients with T1DM.
Methods: Analytic cross-sectional study, included 54 randomly
selected patients from the T1DM clinic in our hospital. Before
their routine evaluation, were asked to answer FSSG and CDQ
questionnaires, classifying them as positive with a score >8 or
>4, respectively. we associated and compared the clinical and
biochemical characteristics between patients with or without
gastroesophageal reflux detected through questionnaires.
Results: Median age was 29 years (22-35), 67% were female (median
of 16 years from diagnosis). In 39% of the patients FSSG was positive,
CDQ was positive in 28%. A total of 71% of patients were taking
medications to treat non-specific gastric symptoms. The concordance
between questionnaires was 65% (p: <0.001). Those patients with
tobacco consumption as well as those with poor glycemic control were
more likely to score positive in either questionnaire.
Conclusions: Patients T1DM had a high prevalence of
gastroesophageal reflux disease. In those patients FSSG questionnaire
detected a higher number of patients in comparison with CDQ.
Keywords
Gastroesophageal reflux; type 1 diabetes mellitus; surveys and questionnaires
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