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The effects of vitamin D supplementation on maternal and neonatal outcome: A randomized clinical trial
Mojibian, Mahdieh; Soheilykhah, Sedigheh; Zadeh, Mohammad Ali Fallah & Moghadam, Maryam Jannati
Abstract
Background: Vitamin D supplementation during pregnancy has been supposed to
defend against adverse gestational outcomes.
Objective: This randomized clinical trial study was conducted to assess the effects
of 50,000 IU of vitamin D every two weeks supplementation on the incidence of
gestational diabetes (GDM), gestational hypertension, preeclampsia and preterm
labor, vitamin D status at term and neonatal outcomes contrasted with pregnant
women that received 400 IU vitamin D daily.
Materials and Methods: 500 women with gestational age 12-16 weeks and serum
25 hydroxy vitamin D (25 (OH) D ) less than 30 ng/ml randomly categorized in two
groups. Group A received 400 IU vitamin D daily and group B 50,000 IU vitamin D
every 2 weeks orally until delivery. Maternal and Neonatal outcomes were assessed
in two groups.
Results: The incidence of GDM in group B was significantly lower than group A
(6.7% versus 13.4%) and odds ratio (95% Confidence interval) was 0.46 (0.24-0.87)
(P=0.01). The mean ± SD level of 25 (OH) D at the time of delivery in mothers in
group B was significantly higher than A (37.9 ± 19.8 versus 27.2 ± 18.8 ng/ml,
respectively) (P=0.001). There were no differences in the incidence of preeclampsia,
gestational hypertension, preterm labor, and low birth weight between two groups.
The mean level of 25 (OH) D in cord blood of group B was significantly higher than
group A (37.9 ± 18 versus 29.7 ± 19ng/ml, respectively). Anthropometric measures
between neonates were not significantly different.
Conclusion: Our study showed 50,000 IU vitamin D every 2 weeks decreased the
incidence of GDM.
Keywords
Vitamin D; Pregnancy outcome; Gestational diabetes
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