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Utilization of palm oil mill effluent for polyhydroxyalkanoate production and nutrient removal using statistical design
Din, M. F. Md.; Ponraj, M.; Van Loosdrecht, M.; Ujang, Z.; Chelliapan, S. & Zambare, V.
Abstract
The optimization for poly-β-hydroxyalkanoate
production was carried out with nutrient removal efficiency
for total organic carbon (TOC), phosphate, and nitrate from
palm oil mill effluent waste. The experiment was conducted
in a fabricated fed-batch reactor and the data obtained was
analyzed using central composite rotatable design and factorial
design for response surface methodology as a systematic
approach for designing the experiment statistically
to obtain valid results with minimum effort, time, and
resources. The analysis of numerical optimization with
propagation of error showed that 66 % of poly-β-hydroxyalkanoate
production can be obtained with nutrient
removal of TOC and nitrate by 19 and 3 %, respectively.
However, phosphate removal efficiency was not found to be
much effective. More over, the chemical oxygen demand:
nitrogen phosphate (509 g/g N), chemical oxygen demand:
phosphate (200 g/g P), air flow rate (0.59 L/min), substrate
feeding rate (20 mL/min), and cycle length (20 h) were the
optimized variables for maximum poly-β-hydroxyalkanoate
production and nutrient removal.
Keywords
Biopolymer; Nitrate removal; Palm oil mill effluent; Phosphate removal; Statistical design
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