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African Journal of Traditional, Complementary and Alternative Medicines
African Ethnomedicines Network
ISSN: 0189-6016
Vol. 14, No. 4, 2017, pp. 253-264
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Bioline Code: tc17134
Full paper language: English
Document type: Research Article
Document available free of charge
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African Journal of Traditional, Complementary and Alternative Medicines, Vol. 14, No. 4, 2017, pp. 253-264
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MODULATION OF KEY BIOCHEMICAL MARKERS RELEVANT TO STROKE BY ANTIARIS AFRICANA LEAF EXTRACT FOLLOWING CEREBRAL ISCHEMIA/REPERFUSION INJURY
Ilesanmi, Omotayo B.; Akinmoladun, Afolabi C.; Olayeriju, Olanrewaju Sam; Saliu, Ibrahim Olabayode; Olaleye, M. Tolulope & Akindahunsi, Afolabi A.
Abstract
Background: Oxidative stress plays a significant role in stroke pathogenesis. Hence, plants rich in antioxidant
phytochemicals have been suggested as effective remedies for prevention and treatment of stroke and other neurological
diseases. Antiaris africana Engl. (Moraceae) is traditionally used for the management of brain-related problems but there is
paucity of data on its anti-stroke potential.
Materials and Methods: Ischemia/reperfusion injury was induced by a 30 min bilateral common carotid artery occlusion/
2 h reperfusion (BCCAO/R) in the brain of male Wistar rats. A sham-operated group which was not subjected to
BCCAO/R and a group subjected to BCCAO/R without treatment with MEA served as controls. The ameliorative effect of
14 days of pretreatment with 50 mg/kg or 100 mg/kg A. africana methanol leaf extract (MEA) on BCCAO/R-mediated
alterations to key markers of oxidative stress (malondialdehyde, reduced glutathione, xanthine oxidase, superoxide
dismutase, catalase and glutathione peroxidase) and neurochemical disturbances and excitotoxicity (myeloperoxidase,
glutamine synthetase, Na+/K+ ATPase, acetylcholinesterase and tyrosine hydroxylase), was evaluated and compared with
the effect produced by treatment with 20 mg/kg quercetin as a reference standard.
Results: Results show that pretreatment with MEA significantly mitigated or reversed BCCAO/R-induced changes in the
level or activity of the evaluated biochemical markers of oxidative stress, neurochemical dysfunction and excitotoxicity
compared with the BCCAO/R untreated control group (p < 0.05). The effect produced by 100 mg/kg MEA was similar to
that of the reference standard, quercetin.
Conclusion: These results revealed the neuroprotective potential of A. africana in stroke and other ischemia-related
pathologies.
Keywords
brain ischemia; excitotoxicity; neuroprotection; oxidative stress; phytochemicals; stroke
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