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Chilean Journal of Agricultural Research
Instituto de Investigaciones Agropecuarias, INIA
ISSN: 0718-5820
EISSN: 0718-5820
Vol. 69, No. 4, 2009, pp. 541-547
Bioline Code: cj09065
Full paper language: English
Document type: Research Article
Document available free of charge

Chilean Journal of Agricultural Research, Vol. 69, No. 4, 2009, pp. 541-547

 es Evaluación del aislamiento Qu-M845 de Metarhizium anisopliae check for this species in other resources var. anisopliae para el control de Varroa destructor check for this species in other resources (Acari: Varroidae) en ensayos de laboratorio y terreno
Rodríguez, Marta; Gerding, Marcos; France, Andrés & Ceballos, Ricardo

Resumen

La efectividad del aislamiento Qu-M845 de Metarhizium anisopliae check for this species in other resources (Metschinkoff), seleccionado previamente por su resistencia a temperaturas de 30 y 35 ºC, y patogenicidad sobre Varroa destructor check for this species in other resources Anderson y Trueman fue evaluada en laboratorio y en ensayos de terreno. Las primeras pruebas consistieron en pulverizar concentraciones crecientes de 0 a 108 conidias mL-1 sobre varroas adultas. La concentración letal para matar el 50 y 90% de la población (CL50 y CL90) fueron de 3,8 x 105 y 8 x 107 conidias mL-1, respectivamente (χ2 = 2,03). En otoño se evaluaron en terreno tres métodos de aplicación de una dosis de 5 x 1010 conidias por colmena. Los tratamientos fueron: a) conidias estampadas en papel filtro ubicado cada dos panales móviles al interior de la colmena; b) conidias espolvoreadas sobre y entre los panales; y c) dispensador de conidias ubicado en la piquera de las colmenas. Además se incluyeron colmenas sin tratar (testigo). Después de 21 días de la aplicación, el tratamiento de conidias espolvoreadas sobre y entre los panales presentó una disminución de 67% en el porcentaje de abejas infestadas, en relación al testigo (p < 0,05). Al evaluar la mortalidad de abejas se observaron diferencias entre tratamientos, siendo el espolvoreo de conidias el que causó mayor caída de abejas (p < 0,05). En primavera, este tratamiento produjo un aumento en la caída de ácaros sin registrar mortalidad de abejas. Estos resultados indican que es factible desarrollar un acaricida biológico en base a este aislamiento, generando, con ello, una alternativa de control para V. destructor.

Palabras-clave
control biológico, hongo entomopatógeno, Varroa destructor, varroasis, Metarhizium anisopliae.

 
 en Evaluation of Metarhizium anisopliae check for this species in other resources var. anisopliae QU-M845 isolate to control Varroa destructor check for this species in other resources (Acari: Varroidae) in laboratory and field trials
Rodríguez, Marta; Gerding, Marcos; France, Andrés & Ceballos, Ricardo

Abstract

The effectiveness of the Metarhizium anisopliae check for this species in other resources (Metschinkoff) Qu-M845 isolate was evaluated in laboratory and field trials. It was previously selected for thermal resistance (at 30 and 35 ºC) and pathogenicity on Varroa destructor check for this species in other resources (Anderson and Trueman). In the laboratory, the first evaluations were carried out by spraying and increasing the concentration from zero to 108 conidia mL-1 on varroa adults. Lethal concentrations required for 50 and 90% mite mortality (LC50 and LC90) were 3.8 x 105 and 8 x 107 conidia mL-1, respectively (χ2 = 2.03). In the autumn field trials, three application methods (doses of 5 x 1010 conidia per hive) were evaluated. The treatments were: a) conidia stamped on filter paper, located on every second frame inside the hive; b) dry conidia sprinkled on and between frames; and c) dry conidia in a dispenser path at the entrance of the hive. Furthermore, untreated hives were included as controls. After 21 days of treatment, the dry conidia sprinkled on and between frames showed 67% less bees infested by the mite than the control (p < 0.05). Average bee mortality observed was significantly different between treatments (p < 0.05). The sprinkled dry conidia caused the highest mortality of bees. In spring, this treatment produced increased mite mortality and without bee mortality. These results demonstrated that it is possible to develop a biological insecticide based on this isolate to generate an alternative to control V. destructor.

Keywords
biological control, entomopathogenic fungi, Varroa destructor, varroasis, insect pathology, Metarhizium anisopliae.

 
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