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Electronic Journal of Biotechnology
Universidad Católica de Valparaíso
ISSN: 0717-3458
Vol. 21, No. 1, 2016, pp. 82-92
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Bioline Code: ej16028
Full paper language: English
Document type: Review Article
Document available free of charge
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Electronic Journal of Biotechnology, Vol. 21, No. 1, 2016, pp. 82-92
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Thermotolerant fermenting yeasts for simultaneous saccharification fermentation of lignocellulosic biomass
Choudhary, Jairam; Singh, Surender & Nain, Lata
Abstract
Lignocellulosic biomass is the most abundant renewable source of energy that has been widely explored as
second-generation biofuel feedstock. Despite more than four decades of research, the process of ethanol
production from lignocellulosic (LC) biomass remains economically unfeasible. This is due to the high cost of
enzymes, end-product inhibition of enzymes, and the need for cost-intensive inputs associated with a separate
hydrolysis and fermentation (SHF) process. Thermotolerant yeast strains that can undergo fermentation at
temperatures above 40°C are suitable alternatives for developing the simultaneous saccharification and
fermentation (SSF) process to overcome the limitations of SHF. This review describes the various approaches
to screen and develop thermotolerant yeasts via genetic and metabolic engineering. The advantages and
limitations of SSF at high temperatures are also discussed. A critical insight into the effect of high temperatures
on yeast morphology and physiology is also included. This can improve our understanding of the development
of thermotolerant yeast amenable to the SSF process to make LC ethanol production commercially viable.
Keywords
Bioethanol; Biofuel; Enzymes; Genome shuffling; Lignocellulosic biomass
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