Effectiveness of an Antenatal-Exercise Counseling Module on Knowledge and Self-Efficacy of Nurses in Northeast Peninsular Malaysia: A Quasi-Experimental Study

Background: Because of their frequent, regular contact with antenatal mothers, healthcare providers play an important role in promoting the health benefits of antenatal exercise. This study aimed to determine the effectiveness of an antenatal-exercise counseling module on knowledge and self-efficacy of staff nurses.
Methods: A quasi-experimental design was conducted. The intervention and control groups consisted of 66 nurses randomly selected from the Tumpat and Pasir Mas districts, respectively, in Kelantan. The intervention group received an antenatal-exercise counseling module, and the control group performed counseling based on self-reading. Knowledge and self- efficacy were assessed at the baseline and at week 4. Analysis of variance and repeated measure analysis of covariance were performed using SPSS.
Results: There was a significant difference in the knowledge scores [estimated marginal mean (95% confidence interval, CI): 33.9 (33.29, 34.53) versus 27.4 (26.52, 28.29); P < 0.001)] and the self-efficacy scores [estimated marginal mean (95% CI): 31.3 (30.55, 32.03) versus 27.4 (26.03, 28.74); P = 0.005)] between intervention and control groups at week 4 after adjusting for duration of practice and formal training.
Conclusion: The antenatal-exercise counseling module is recommended for use in routine counseling in health centers to promote healthy lifestyles among pregnant women.

Keywords
counseling; education; exercise; knowledge; nurses; pregnancy; self-efficacy