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African Journal of Food, Agriculture, Nutrition and Development
Rural Outreach Program
ISSN: 1684-5358 EISSN: 1684-5358
Vol. 17, No. 3, 2017, pp. 12142-12156
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Bioline Code: nd17054
Full paper language: English
Document type: Review Article
Document available free of charge
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African Journal of Food, Agriculture, Nutrition and Development, Vol. 17, No. 3, 2017, pp. 12142-12156
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REGULATION STATUS OF QUARANTINE PESTS OF RICE SEEDS IN THE ECONOMIC COMMUNITY OF WEST AFRICAN STATES (ECOWAS)
Bachabi, F.; Gumedzoe, Y.M.D.; Maroya, N.G.; Ayenan, M.A.T.; Saidou, A. & Sere, Y.
Abstract
The ever growing international trade has limited efforts towards the prevention of
introduction, spread and establishment of invasive organisms. Non-native pests can
cause severe loss of production and lead to restriction in exchange of genetic materials
and seed marketing across regions. Regulating pests’ movement through quarantine
measures and establishment of regional boards has been identified as a way to deal with
introduction and expansion of invasive organisms. This review analyzes the different
pest regulations in the West African sub-region with a specific focus on the
implementation of quarantine measures in rice as a case study. The various regulations
related to seed production, certification and marketing, and quarantine regulations in
West Africa were analyzed and their enforcement and performance were assessed
through comparison to international standards, especially the International Plant
Protection Convention (IPPC). Although a regional regulation on seeds and
phytosanitary measures has been elaborated, ECOWAS countries are still enforcing
their national phytosanitary legislations, which are nearly the same in all West African
countries - they all aim at ensuring plant health by applying preventive and curative
measures to prevent the introduction and spread of pests in their territory by controlling
the import and export of plant materials and disseminating appropriate pest
management techniques to boost agricultural production. Most ECOWAS countries are
yet to submit their phytosanitary legislation to IPPC to comply with Article VII.2i of
the endorsed convention. In addition, the entry points are not well defined and provided
to the IPPC according to the Article VII.2d of the convention. When the quarantine list
is available, the organisms regulated for each crop species are not stated, posing a real
problem not only for rice genetic resource exchanges for research purposes but also for
rice seed trade. Efforts and resources should be devoted by each country to research on
pests and regulatory mechanisms in order to define, among others, pest status in the
region, and to update regularly the quarantine pests list in the West African region.
Keywords
Regulatory measures; quarantine pest; rice seed; harmonization; ECOWAS; IPPC
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