Alpha
+-thalassaemia is well known for conferring partial protection to against severe malaria. On the
other,
Glutathione –S-transferase (GST) polymorphism has recently been associated to severe malaria in
children. A retrospective cross sectional study was carried out to determine the relationship between
genotypic polymorphisms of alpha
+-thalassaemia and
glutathione-S-transferase in children with severe malaria.
A total of 148 DNA samples from children aged between 1 and 15 years with mild and severe malaria were
retrieved and determined by polymerase chain reaction. Children with
Glutathione-S-transferase-pi1 (GSTP1)-
polymorphism were observed to have three fold risk (OR = 2.9; 95% CI =1.3- 6.1; P = 0.006) of developing severe
malaria compared to mild malaria in Mnyuzi-Korogwe, north-eastern, Tanzania. In the presence of
Glutathione-
S-transferase-pi1 polymorphism, children were found to have 3% decreased protective effect of alpha+-
thalassaemia polymorphisms (homozygotes and heterozygotes) against severe malaria although this was not
statistically significant [ OR = 0.81 (95% CI = 0.5-1.5; P = 0.5) to OR = 0.78 (95% CI = 0.4-1.5; P = 0.44)]. We
conclude that Glutathione-S-transferase-pi1 polymorphism increases risk of developing severe malaria due to
Plasmodium falciparum
in children. The observed inverse relationship between
GSTP1 polymorphisms and
alpha
+-thalassaemia to children with severe malaria need further investigation.
